Holding with Reason
The ethical and political works be blend in the Aristotelian corpus. The first of the ethical works is the Nicomachean Ethics. Historians more often than not think that this work is the most authoritative of Aristotles ethical works. The shell of the ethical works is the good manners for human race beings, which Aristotle understands on broadly Platonic lines.
The Function Argument
According to Aristotle, the good life for a human being is the life of happiness. This seems straightforwardly true, as Aristotle himself notes. The only real issue is to identify the activity or activities in which human beings find happiness most of all. To rent insight into this question, Aristotle tries to understand happiness in terms of the agency (or way of working) peculiar to human beings. He supposes that this function consists in the exercise of reason because this is the life characteristic of human beings. wherefore Aristotle concludes that the good life for a human being consists in the exercise of reason.
Life seems common even to plants, exactly we are seeking what is peculiar to man. Let us exclude, therefore, the life of victual and growth. Next there would be a life of sensation, but it also seems common to the horse, the ox, and every animal. The remaining life is a life of practice holding with reason.
(Nicomachean Ethics, I.7.1097b-1098a.)
Happiness is being ilk the Unmovable First Mover
Aristotles teleology supports his attempt to understand happiness in terms of the function of human beings.
The unmovable first promoter has the perfect reality, and human beings are good to the extent that their existence is like that of the unmovable first mover. Since it is somehow fixed in thought (in roughly the way Plato thought the disincarnate reason is fixed in contemplation of the forms), and since the human good is happiness, human beings are happier to the extent that their lives are dominated by the intelligence belonging to reason.
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