Pathogenesis

The human immunodeficiency syndrome virus (HIV) is an infection that is transmitted through the crosscurrent or through sexual contact such as vaginal secretions and pre-ejaculate. Once the virus enters the human blood stream it immediately tar arises and diffuses into cd4+ black-and-blue blood cellph singles where it replicates, eventually killing the cd4+ white blood cells and slowly demeaning the hosts insubordinate system. In the year 2010 thither were 26791 people diagnosed with HIV in the UK alone and 19912 of them lost their lives, however these results pale in parity when they be matched to the worldwide statistics of 2010 where, 2.7 million people were diagnosed with HIV and 1.8 million people lost their lives. It is clear that HIV is proving to cause major concerns in the medical industry because as it stands there is no available cure for HIV at present, but there is however therapies offered in an attempt to slow down the personal effects of immunosuppression that is ca apply by this virus. The only therapies available for HIV patients are medicate therapies which can only target and prevent the steps in viral replication.




There are 5 steps that are involved in viral replication, step 1 is stuffing and diffusion; this is where the proteins on the surface of the HIV virus bind to complementary proteins on the surface of the cd4+ lymphocyte and then diffuses into the cell due to the fusion of membranes. note number two is where one of the viral proteins called reverse transcriptase enzyme converts viral RNA into viral DNA in a series of sub steps. Step 3 is where intergrase enzyme cuts the viral DNA at a particular(prenominal) region and then transports it into the nucleus of the cd4+ lymphocyte. Step 4 is where viral protease enzymes process the newly synthesised viral proteins. Step 5 is where all the viral proteins and enzymes re- assemble and exit the host cell. The drugs used to prevent this replication from occurring, act directly to stop from each one step from taking place by competing with the substrates and...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay



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