The word tomography finds its origins in the two classic words tomos, meaning section, and graphy, which translates as drawing. In simple words, I provoke say Tomography is imaging by sections or sectioning. A device used in tomography is c everyed a tomograph, while the image produced is a tomogram. In most cases it is establish on the mathematical procedure called tomographic reconstruction. A tomography of some(prenominal) sections of the body is known as a polytomography.There is many distinct types of tomography used in many sciences such as medicine, biology, materials science and geology. The basic idea of tomography in all of its uses is to obtain a cross-section of an object which will thus be used to infer various facts regarding the particular objects inseparable structure. Tomography is based on the premise that observed entropy sets are related to line integral along lines or rays (i.e. projections) of some physical quantity.
In conventional medical roentgen ray tomography, clinical staff makes a sectional image done a body by moving an X-ray line of descent and the film in opposite directions during the exposure. Consequently, structures in the focal sail appear sharper, while structures in other planes appear blurred.
By modifying the direction and extent of the movement, operators can select different focal planes which contain the structures of interest. Before the advent of more modern computer-assisted techniques, this technique, ideated in the 1930s by the radiologist Alessandro Vallebona, proved useful in reducing the problem of superimposition of structures in projectional (shadow) radiography.
More modern variations of tomography involve gathering projection data from multiple directions and nutriment the data into a tomographic reconstruction software algorithm affect by a computer. Different types of signal acquisition can be used in similar calculation algorithms in graze to create a tomographic image.
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